During my research activities in 6 research institutes in Europe, I studied the function during development of 7 genes (coding for transcription factors, ligands, receptors, junction proteins, and cytoskeletal organizers) involved in the formation of various tissues (in the embryo, the neural system, the epidermis, the intestine) in 3 model organisms (Drosophila, zebrafish, mouse). During this work I developed different approaches in molecular, genetic, cellular and developmental biology.
In the team we study the dynamics and function of microtubules at the molecular and cellular levels. I initiated a new line of research to study in an integrated organism, the mouse, the morphogenesis of the epidermis during which the microtubule cytoskeleton is reorganized from a radial, centrosomal, organization to a non-centrosomal cortical organization. To analyze the role of this microtubule reorganization during epidermal morphogenesis, I generated mice carrying a tissue-specific loss-of-function mutation of a centrosomal microtubule-organizing protein, ninein.
In the ninein knockout model, we characterized a phenotype of thinner epidermis and delayed differentiation. This phenotype was associated with a role of ninein in the mitotic spindle orientation process in proliferating cells and a cortex-associated role of ninein in differentiating keratinocyte cells, necessary for cortical microtubule organization, and subsequently for increased formation of intercellular junctions and apical transport during epidermal barrier formation.
To better understand the thin-skin phenotype in ninein knockout mice, we are currently investigating how alterations in microtubule organization affect cell shape, mechanical properties, and nuclear positioning. We are using different cell biology approaches, including immunofluorescence, cell culture, and tissue immunohistochemistry. We have expanded our study using ninein knockout mice to include the morphogenesis of other tissues, such as the nervous system and bone, where developmental defects are observed.